Bad Medicine, History, Hygiene and Sanitation

The “Feces Vaccine” in 18th-century Madrid (Medical Madness in Action)

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Vaccination is not a unique folly in the history of the medical profession. Rather, it is the continuation of the madness of an industry that attempts one insane practice after another.

One of the craziest practices in medical history is what I will refer to is the “feces vaccine.” This practice is discussed in “Cook’s First Voyage,” which chronicles an expedition by British naval captain James Cook from 1768-1771.

This work says this about Madrid, Spain, and throwing waste out of the window:

In this decent article of civil oeconomy they were beforehand with one of the most considerable nations of Europe, for I am credibly informed, that, till the year 1760, there was no such thing as a privy in Madrid, the metropolis of Spain, though it is plentifully supplied with water. Before that time it was the universal practice to throw the ordure out of the windows, during the night, into the street, where numbers of men were employed to remove it, with shovels, from the upper parts of the city to the lower, where it lay till it was dry, and was then carried away in carts, and deposited without the gates.

The king understandably ordered that every home include a toilet to end this practice. However, there was resistance:

His present Catholic Majesty, having determined to free his capital from so gross a nuisance, ordered, by proclamation, that the proprietor of every house should build a privy, and that sinks, drains, and common-sewers should be made at the public expence. The Spaniards, though long accustomed to an arbitrary government, resented this proclamation with great spirit, as an infringement of the common rights of mankind, and made a vigorous struggle against its being carried into execution.

And, it was — not surprising — the medical profession itself that attempted a “medical argument” to persuade the king to maintain the unsanitary practice of throwing excrement into the streets. Somehow, by having excrement everywhere, disease-causing “particles of the air” would attach to it instead of infecting the people! The air would be “vaccinated” with filth to make it clean:

Every class devised some objection against it, but the physicians bid the fairest to interest the king in the preservation of the ancient privileges of his people; for they remonstrated that if the filth was not, as usual, thrown into the streets, a fatal sickness would probably ensue, because the putrescent particles of the air, which such filth attracted, would then be imbibed by the human body.

In short, disease would be prevented by “inoculating” the environment with feces. Thankfully, the king’s wish to mandate toilets in houses was nevertheless enacted — but sadly, it appears that many people would remain infected by the beliefs of the physicians. “Trust your doctor,” as it is said:

But this expedient, with every other that could be thought of, proved unsuccessful, and the popular discontent then ran so high that it was very near producing an insurrection; his majesty, however, at length prevailed, and Madrid is now as clear as most of the considerable cities in Europe. But many of the citizens, probably upon the principles advanced by their physicians, that heaps of filth prevent deleterious particles of air from fixing upon neighbouring substances, have, to keep their food wholesome, constructed their privies by the kitchen fire.

It’s really hard, however, to look down on them when in our day we vaccinate. Literal vaccination, in the name of disease prevention, goes beyond “inoculating” the environment with filth to inoculating one’s bloodstream with poison.

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